Choosing a research method: Practical step-by-step guidelines

As we have said before, conducting research requires collecting and processing of data based on specific research methods. A researcher is expected to conduct scientific research reliably and effectively, using a deliberately selected, planned and consciously applied research method. In addition, a researcher should consider the effectiveness and applicability of the method, its adequacy for solving the research problem, the objectives of the research and the resources available. Below you will find practical advice in four steps on how to choose a research method:

  1. Find a research gap and formulate research questions. As we mentioned in previous modules, it is important to understand and be clear about what you want to research before deciding on how to conduct the research. Consider whether the research question is quantitative or qualitative as this will help to choose a research method.
  2. See how others have done it. Look again at the reviewed literature. Check what methods are most often used by other researchers who work on problems like yours. This way, you can learn about the limitations and difficulties related to the use of a selected method based on the example of an academic study. Remember that there are many research techniques and tools to choose from, but not all of them are appropriate for your research project. Some of them may even be counterproductive.
  3. Learn about limitations. Make sure you have the time, resources, and opportunities to complete your research. Consider the limitations of your chosen method.
  4. Choose a research method and follow its principles.

exercise 4

Many new concepts were presented in our course, such as the research method, research technique, etc. Try to write down all the concepts you have memorized so far and check if you can define them.

Review Questions

Our course “Choosing Research Method” is coming to an end. Try to answer the following questions and see if you have mastered the topic.

  1. How do we define a research method? How does it differ from a research technique and research tool?
  2. What mistakes can you make with the choice of the research method?
  3. What should you consider when choosing the most appropriate research method?
  4. What is the role of the research problem in choosing a research method?

Congratulations!

Your course is completed. Now it is time for a quick revision:

  1. A research method is a way of scientifically studying a phenomenon. It consists of specific activities within the research procedure, supplemented by a set of tools used to collect and analyze data.
  2. The choice of a research method should be planned, intentional and conscious, as well as precede the research itself and lead to a consistent application of the principles of the method during its course.
  3. Research questions are the main guidelines in choosing a research method; they are also an indication whether you should use the quantitative or qualitative methods.